Technical Abstract: Close cooperation between conventional plant breeders and molecular geneticists will be needed to efficiently and effectively utilize modern genetic tools in the development of peanut cultivars. We have used this approach at Tifton to develop molecular markers for resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode and molecular markers for both alleles responsible for high oleic fatty acid content. With the goal to pyramid nematode resistance and the trait for high oleic to linoleic acid ratio in seeds (high O/L), nematode resistant cultivar Tifguard was used as the recurrent female parent and high O/L cultivars Georgia-02C and Florida-07 were used as donor parents for the high O/L trait. 'Tifguard High O/L' was generated through three rounds of accelerated backcrossing using BCnF1 progenies selected with molecular markers for these two traits as the pollen donors. Selfed BC3F2 plants yielded marker-homozygous individuals idnetifed as Tifguard High O/L, compressing the cultivar development process to less than 3 years. The accuracy of marker-assisted selection (MAS) was confirmed by phenotyping a subset of F2:3 populations from both parental combinations. Once additional molecular markers linked with traits of interest are designed to be compatible with high-throughput screening platforms, MAS will be more widely integrated into peanut breeding programs.