Technical Abstract: Dry root rot of chickpea is a serious disease under dry hot summer conditions, particularly in the semi-arid tropics of Ethiopia, and in central and southern India. It usually occurs at reproductive stages of the plant. Symptoms include drooping of petioles and leaflets of the tips, but not the lower part of the plants, thereby differentiating the disease from Fusarium wilt. It is caused by the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. The pathogen infects more than 500 plant species, including many cultivated legume crops. No host specialization has been reported. The pathogen survives in soil as mycelium and sclerotia on debris. Management of the disease relays on planting resistant cultivars, fungicide application and cultural practices like deep plowing and early planting.