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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Ames, Iowa » National Animal Disease Center » Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #254378
Title: Evaluation of Three Experimental Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Killed Vaccines Adjuvanted with Combinations of QuilA Cholesterol and Dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) Bromide

Author
item Ridpath, Julia
item DOMINOWSKI, PAUL - Pfizer Animal Health
item MANNAN, RAMASANY - Pfizer Animal Health
item YANCEY JR, ROBERT - Pfizer Animal Health
item JACKSON, JAMES - Pfizer Animal Health
item TAYLOR, LUCAS - Pfizer Animal Health
item MEDIRATTA, SANGITA - Pfizer Animal Health
item EVERSOLE, ROBERT - Western Michigan University
item MACKENZIE, CHARLES - Michigan State University
item Neill, John

Submitted to: Veterinary Research Communications
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/8/2010
Publication Date: 12/1/2010
Citation: Ridpath, J.F., Dominowski, P., Mannan, R., Yancey Jr, R., Jackson, J.A., Taylor, L., Mediratta, S., Eversole, R., Mackenzie, C.D., Neill, J.D. 2010. Evaluation of three experimental bovine viral diarrhea virus killed vaccines adjuvanted with combinations of Quil A cholesterol and dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) bromide. Veterinary Research Communications. 34(8):691-702.

Interpretive Summary: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections cause several different diseases in cattle resulting in significant economic losses to producers. Vaccination prevents infection in most animals and reduces the effects of disease in animals that do get infected. The goal of new vaccine development is to increase the number of animals that do not get infected. Vaccines against BVDV contain live BVDV (modified live vaccines) or killed BVDV (killed vaccines). For optimum effectiveness killed vaccines contain components called adjuvants. Without adjuvants killed vaccines would not work well. The purpose of this study was to test a new type of adjuvant. It was found that the new adjuvant worked as well or better than the adjuvant currently in use in a commercial vaccine. This finding is important as it will lead to safer, more effective vaccines that will do a better job of reducing BVDV infections.

Technical Abstract: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections cause respiratory, reproductive, and enteric disease in cattle. Vaccination raises herd resistance and then limits the spread of bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV) among cattle. The goal of this research was to evaluate new adjuvants, consisting of combinations of Quil A cholesterol and dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) bromide, for use in killed vaccines. Vaccination response was monitored by measuring viral neutralizing antibodies (VN) levels and by response to challenge. All three novel vaccines were efficacious based on reduction in virus isolation, pyrexia, and depression. The three novel vaccines outperformed a commercial killed vaccine based on VN levels.