Technical Abstract: Euphorbia is a highly diverse taxa encompassing numerous species from many regions of the world. A great number of medicinal and ornamental plants are included in the taxa, but as yet no crop species have been developed. However, there is significant potential among various Euphorbia ssp. for use as biofuel crops. This genus includes both endangered species and invasive weeds. One species, Euphorbia esula, has been highly characterized molecularly and is serving as a model for perennial herbaceous growth and weediness.