Skip to main content
ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Corvallis, Oregon » Horticultural Crops Research Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #239679

Title: Current Status of Grapvine Viruses in the Pacific Northwest Vineyards of the United States

Author
item NAIDU, R - Washington State University
item MEKURIA, T - Washington State University
item ALABI, O - Washington State University
item JARUGULA, S - Washington State University
item KARTHIKEYAN, G - Washington State University
item GUTHA, B - Washington State University
item Martin, Robert

Submitted to: Council for Study of Viruses and Virus Diseases of the Grapevine
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/4/2009
Publication Date: 6/26/2009
Citation: Naidu, R.A., Mekuria, T.A., Alabi, O.J., Jarugula, S., Karthikeyan, G., Gutha, B., Martin, R.R. 2009. Current status of grapvine viruses in the Pacific Northwest vineyards of the United States. Council for Study of Viruses and Virus Diseases of the Grapevine.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The wine grape industry in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States, consisting of Washington, Oregon and Idaho, is emerging as one of the country’s leading producers of premium wine. Samples from a total of about 2000 individual grapevines were collected from twenty-eight red- and white-berried cultivars in thirty-five commercial vineyards. The majority of these samples came from Washington State vineyards. The ELISA and RT-PCR results from a three-year study indicated the presence of six GLRaVs (GLRaV-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, and -9) in 59.77% of samples from different wine grape cultivars showing or suspected for GLD symptoms. A total of 41.76% of these samples tested positive for one of the six GLRaVs and 30.14% of samples tested positive for two or more GLRaVs. GLRaV-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, and -9 were detected, either as single or mixed infections, in 8.05%, 19%, 87.84%, 14.38%, 5.48% and 2.57% of the grapevines, respectively. Mixed infection of two GLRaVs in a single grapevine was found to be more frequent (13.56%) followed by three (3.68%) and four (0.61%) viruses. In addition, the Red Globe variant of GLRaV-2 was detected as mixed infection with GLRaV-3 in two wine grape cultivars. These results suggest that mixed infections of different GLRaVs are frequent and GLRaV-3 is the most widely distributed among the six GLRaVs documented in several vineyards of the Pacific Northwest. GVA, GVB and RSPaV were detected in 513 grapevines with a frequency of 16.03, 4.39% and 9.86%, respectively. In the majority of these samples, the three viruses were found as mixed infections with different GLRaVs mentioned above. In addition, GFLV was detected in four vineyards in Washington, but the vector was not found. It appears that the virus was introduced on planting stocks and has not spread. Tomato ringspot was detected in a single vineyard of grafted Pinot noir in Oregon, where it causes a severe dieback. In this case the vector, Xiphinema americanum, was present and the virus was spreading in the field.