ARS | Publication request: Diseases of winter and Spring wheat in Russia

Submitted to: International Congress of Plant Pathology Abstracts and Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: February 16, 2008
Publication Date: August 24, 2008
Citation: Nazarova, L.N., Korneva, L.G., Sanin, S.S., Chen, X. 2008. Diseases of winter and Spring wheat in Russia. J. Plant Pathol. 90(S2):166-167.

Technical Abstract: Analysis of damage in the disease complex of winter and spring wheat showed that crop losses for the period 2001-2005 were 8-19%. A principal cause of the losses was intensive development of diseases. Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina), Septoria leaf lotch (Septoria tritici, S. nodorum), powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) regularly occurred everywhere and every year. A number of the diseases showed a tendency to increase. Yellow leaf spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repensis) in the structure of pathogen complex was 20-30%, crop losses up to 30%, stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis), Fusarium leaf spot (Fusarium nivale), common bunt (Tilletia tritici) and dwarf bunt (T. controversa) were found in the North Caucasian region. In the Central, Central Chernozem and North Caucasian regions, serious damage was caused by snow mold (Microdochium nivale). In epidemic years disease severity reached 60-70%. Alternaria blotch (Alternaria infectoria, A. tenuissima) was found frequently in the Volga region. In 1997 the spring wheat was 3-4% infected, and in 2005, 30-40%. There was an increase of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). Pathogens of wide host-range, able to infect 14 cereals including wheat, were marked. Disease severities were steady in the Central and Volgo-Vjatski regions in 2003-2004, and cultivars with an Agropyron repens gene were especially severely infected. It is necessary to carry out monitoring of progressing diseases.