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Title: Studies on cattle genomic structural variation provide insights into ruminant speciation and adaptation

Author
item Liu, Ge - George
item ZHU, BIN - UNIV OF MARYLAND
item Alexander, Leeson
item MATUKUMALLI, LAKSHMI - GEORGE MASON
item Van Tassell, Curtis - Curt
item Sonstegard, Tad
item Nonneman, Danny - Dan
item Keele, John
item Smith, Timothy - Tim
item Gasbarre, Louis

Submitted to: Plant and Animal Genome Conference Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/26/2008
Publication Date: 1/10/2009
Citation: Liu, G., Zhu, B., Alexander, L.J., Matukumalli, L.K., Van Tassell, C.P., Sonstegard, T.S., Nonneman, D.J., Keele, J.W. 2009. Studies on cattle genomic structural variation provide insights into ruminant speciation and adaptation. [abstract]. Plant and Animal Genome Conference Proceedings. W093.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Genomic structural variations, including segmental duplications (SD) and copy number variations (CNV), contribute significantly to individual health and disease in primates and rodents. As a part of the bovine genome annotation effort, we performed the first genome-wide analysis of SD in cattle using two different approaches. These analyses revealed that approximately 3% (90 Mbp) of the cattle genome consists of SD. Local clusters of tandem duplications in cattle are reminiscent of the SD patterns observed in other mammals (dog, rat and mouse), but differ from the interspersed SD pattern found in primate genomes. A few gene duplications, which are important in adaptation or recent domestication, were discovered to occur within the artiodactyls or more-specifically within the Bos lineage of evolution. Selected SD events are being confirmed by independent methods using FISH. Additionally, we used array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) and real time PCR to study CNV in cattle. We detected hundreds of CNV events in cattle and generated the first cattle CNV map. We will discuss the strong correlations between SD and CNV and their contributions to ruminant speciation and adaptation.