Technical Abstract: Although the issue of anthropogenic climate forcing and public health is widely recognized, one fundamental aspect has remained underappreciated; the impact of climatic change on plant biology and the well-being of human systems. To critically evaluate the extant and probable links between plant function and human health, drawing on the pertinent literature. Here we provide a number of critical examples that range over various health concerns related to plant biology and climate change; including aerobiology, contact dermatitis, pharmacology, toxicology and pesticide use. There are a number of clear links between climate change, plant biology and public health that remain underappreciated by both plant scientists and health care providers. We have attempted to demonstrate the importance of such links in our understanding of climate change impacts, and have derived a list of key questions that will help to integrate plant biology into the current paradigm regarding climate change and human health.