ARS | Publication request: Applications of Bacteriocins in Broiler Chickens to Reduce Carriage of Campylobacter and Salmonella

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: March 5, 2008
Publication Date: September 1, 2008
Citation: Svetoch, E.A., Perelygin, V.V., Eruslanov, B.V., Line, J.E., Stern, N.J. 2008. Applications of Bacteriocins in Broiler Chickens to Reduce Carriage of Campylobacter and Salmonella. 21st International Committee on Food Microbiologty and Hygiene. P.108.

Technical Abstract: The paper will review studies which have used a variety of bacteriocins to treat Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enteritidis colonized broiler chickens. Antagonistic bacteria were chosen by selecting those isolates which produced zones of inhibition among confluent C. jejuni growth. From these antagonists, bacteriocin activities were demonstrated by overlaying C. jejuni inoculated agar onto SDS-PAGE and IEF gel preparations containing the crude antimicrobial preparations; bacteriocins were characterized by Edman degradation and MALDI-TOF analyses and; quantities of the proteins were produced by fermentations which were then extracted by chromatographic procedures. A number of broiler colonization studies were conducted, comparing levels of C. jejuni and Sal. enteritidis among both (therapeutically) treated and positive control groups. Results indicated that the bacteriocins were characterized as polypeptides with 37 to 62 amino acid residues having molecular weights of 3,340 Da to 5,362 Da. The isoelectric points varied from 7.2 to 9.5. Paenibacillus polymyxa NRRL B-30509 bacteriocin reduced C. jejuni from 107.2 cfu g-1 to non-detectable levels in the cecae; Lactobacillus salivarius NRRL B-30514 bacteriocin consistently reduced C. jejuni by at least one-million fold in the broiler cecae; Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-30745 bacteriocin reduced C. jejuni in market age broilers from 106.2 cfu g-1 to non-detectable levels in the cecae; Ent. faecium NRRL B-30746 bacteriocin reduced both C. jejuni in market age broilers from 108.0 cfu g-1 to 102.9 cfu g-1 cecae and Sal. enteritidis from 107.5 cfu g-1 to non-detectable levels in the cecae and, from 108.8 cfu g-1 to 104.6 cfu g-1 in the livers. A variety of bacteriocins have been discovered which have been used to significantly reduce C. jejuni and Sal. enteritidis in both the intestinal tract and liver of infected broiler chickens. These novel therapeutic on-farm treatments should reduce consumer exposure to these poultry borne pathogens.