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Title: The role of CD163 for PRRSV infection

Author
item SONG, CHENG - UNIV. OF GUELPH, CANADA
item CHANG, KYEONG-OK - KANSAS STATE UNIV.
item Chitko-Mckown, Carol
item BIENZLE, DOROTHEE - UNIV. OF GUELPH, CANADA
item ZUCKERMANN, FEDERICO - UNIV. OF ILLINOIS
item YOO, DONGWAN - UNIV. OF ILLINOIS

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/13/2007
Publication Date: 12/1/2007
Citation: Song, C., Chang, K., Chitko Mckown, C.G., Bienzle, D., Zuckermann, F.A., Yoo, D. 2007. The role of CD163 for PRRSV infection [abstract]. Proceedings of the 88th Conference of Research Workers in Animal Health. Poster No. 131P.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) displays a restricted cell tropism. In vitro, the virus replicates only in porcine primary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and a specific line of African green monkey kidney cells. Cell tropism is largely determined by the presence or absence of a specific receptor, and CD163, a macrophage-specific cysteine-rich scavenger receptor, has recently been described as a potential receptor for PRRSV. To investigate PRRSV tropism and permissiveness, porcine (p) CD163 cDNA was cloned from PAMs and expressed by transient transfection in three different lines of PRRSV non-permissive cells; CRFK feline kidney, Dulac porcine kidney, and LLC-PK porcine kidney cells. These cells are negative for CD163 and not susceptible for PRRSV infection. When transfected with pCD163 and infected with PRRSV, the pCD163-expressing cells became permissive for PRRSV infection and produced the virus. To further confirm this finding, stable cell lines were established to express pCD163. In the stably expressing cells, PRRSV replication was evident. Macrophages differentiated from porcine monocytes were developed as an immortalized cell line. When these cells were transfected to over-express pCD163, they became susceptible for PRRSV. Our data show that pCD163 alone is sufficient to convert PRRSV non-permissive cells to a permissive status and support that pCD163 may be the solely required cellular receptor for PRRSV.