Technical Abstract: In this study, iso-osmotic salinity (120 mM NaCl, 12mM CaCl2) and osmotic (PEG) stresses, along with chilling (5oC) stress, were applied to the cold-sensitive grapevine species V. vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. Microarray analysis of transcript abundance in shoot tips revealed that 43% of gene expression changes were solely in response to cold. Physiological responses of the plants included reduced stomatal conductance and stem water potentials as low as -0.8 MPa. Analysis of relative anion concentrations showed increases in chloride and phosphate levels in response to stress. There was a trend toward increased gene expression changes with increasing time of exposure to stress. No significant difference in gene expression were detected between salt and osmotic stress prior to the 24-hour time point. Thirty transcription factor transcripts showed a 5-fold or greater increase in abundance following stress, and seven were decreased 5-fold in abundance. Transcripts related to hormone responses were more abundant following stress, particularly for ABA, ethylene and jasmonate. Significantly fewer transcripts relating to both protein synthesis and to cell cycle/DNA processing were changed in abundance in response to cold that to either salt or PEG. Twenty transcripts corresponding to calcium signaling were increased in abundance solely in response to cold stress, while three calcium signaling transcripts were more abundant following either salt or PEG stress, implying a greater role for calcium signaling in the cold stress response.