ARS | Publication request: Diagnostics of Severe PCVAD

Submitted to: Swine Disease Conference Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: October 30, 2006
Publication Date: November 9, 2006
Citation: Lager, K.M., Vincent, A.L., Cheung, A.K., Gauger, P.C. 2006. Diagnostics of severe PCVAD. In: Proceedings of the 14th Annual Swine Disease conference for Practitioners, November 9-10, 2006, Ames, Iowa. p. 131-133.

Technical Abstract: About 2 years ago case reports in Eastern Canada described a syndrome of an acute onset of high mortality in finishing age pigs. Within a year this syndrome had spread westward in Canada and was reported in several states in the U.S. Although diagnostic investigations into these cases have detected many known pathogens, only porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) has been consistently identified in the affected pigs. Genetic analysis of these PCV2 isolates revealed an apparent new genotype for North America. This genotype, known as PCV2 group 1, has been reported previously in Europe. Historically, only the PCV group 2 genotype has been recognized in North America. Over the last few years there have been reports from Europe about serious epidemics of swine disease that were attributed to the PCV2 genotype 1. It is possible the genotype 1 virus was recently introduced into North America and is responsible for these epidemics of high mortality in finishing swine prompting the syndrome to be called a "severe form" of porcine circovirus associated disease. However, it is possible the syndrome is attributed to another agent, or to the introduction of a new cofactor that may trigger PCV2 (genotype 1 and genotype 2) to induce the severe form of PCVAD.