ARS | Publication request: MODELING OF CEREAL RUST EPIDEMICS IN RUSSIA: DISPERSION OF SPORE CLOUDS, EXTRACTION OF SPORES FROM ATMOSPHERE, MAINTAINING VIABILITY TRANSFERRED

Submitted to: American Phytopathological Society Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: June 1, 2006
Publication Date: July 1, 2006
Citation: Sanin, S.S., Ibragimov, T.Z., Babina, Chuprina, V.P., Pavlova, G.V., Nikiforov, E.V., Chen, X. 2006. Modeling of cereal rust epidemics in russia: dispersion of spore clouds, extraction of spores from atmosphere, maintaining viability transferred. APS Abstracts 96:S102. Jul 29-Aug 2, 2006, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

Technical Abstract: Meteorological classification of air masse movements, microscale (0-10 km), mesoscale (10-100 km), and macroscale (over 100 km) was used to study dispersion of rust spore clouds. More than 300 atmosphere probes were made at the different distance from infected fields using planes equipped with impactors at altitudes of 5-3000 km. Spore concentrations in the air were determined and corresponding weather and aerological conditions were recorded. Weather conditions affecting transfer and concretion of spore masses were classified. The dispersion of spores in atmosphere, “dry” (turbulent) settling, “humid” extraction by precipitation, and viability of spores in the air were studied. At the distance to 100 km (mesoscale) intensive absorption of particles by underlying surface occurred. Humid extraction and viability reduction did not play an important role in this case. In the case of long distance (macroscale), spore losses due to dry settling were reduced, but the role of humid extraction increased, and viability of spores decreased. The direct sun radiation had the major effect. Urediniospore viability of P. graminis lasted for 3 days, of P. triticina for 2 days, and P. striiformis for 9 h. Mathematical models were developed for estimation of concentration and viability of spores in the air, quantity of settling spores, and area covered by spore clouds at various distances from the infected field.