ARS | Publication request: DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY ON CEREAL CROPS IN THE EUROPEAN REGION OF RUSSIA

Submitted to: American Phytopathological Society Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: June 1, 2006
Publication Date: July 1, 2006
Citation: Sanin, S.S., Nazarova, L.N., Ibragimov, T.Z., Strizhekozin, U.A., Chen, X. 2006. Disease epidemiology on cereal crops in the european region of russia. APS Abstracts 96:S102. Jul 29-Aug 2, 2006, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

Technical Abstract: Six leading grain producing regions (North-Caucasian, Central-Chernozemny, Central, Povolzhsky, Ural and Volgo-Viatsky) of Russia account for 75% of total production. Diseases surveys were conducted in the tillering, flag leaf, and maturing stages. Additional information was received from the Federal Phytosanitary Center of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia. Disease epidemics were divided into three classes: epidemic – crop losses more than 20%, moderate epidemic – losses 5-20%, and light epidemic – losses less than 5%. Crop losses were estimated using mathematical models. Basis of epidemiological complexes in all regions was formed by pathogens of rusts, Septoria leaf and glume blotches, powdery mildew, snow mold, scald, and Helminthosporium spot. Disease occurrence varied in the different regions and from year to year. The epidemics of leaf rust and septoria diseases are most frequent. Epidemics have occurred in 5-6 out of 10 years in the North-Caucasian region, in 3-4 years of 10 years in the Central, Povolzhsky, and Volgo-Viatsky regions, and in 2-3 out of 10 years in the Central-Chernozemny and Ural regions. During the period of 1993-2005, Russia has lost 7.5-29.1 million metric tons of grain (10.0-35.7%) due to diseases. The mean loss of grain was 15.4 million metric tons or 19.2% a year for the last 13 years.