Technical Abstract: Stripe rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. This review presents basic and recent information on stripe rust epidemiology, pathogen virulence changes and population structure, and movement of the pathogen in the United States and around the world. The impact and causes of recent epidemics in the United States and other countries are discussed. Research on plant disease resistance, including types of resistance, genes and molecular markers, and use of fungicides, are summarized and strategies for more effective control of the disease are discussed.