Skip to main content
ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Corvallis, Oregon » National Clonal Germplasm Repository » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #186287
Title: BIOTECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF FRUIT AND SMALL FRUIT CULTURES BIODIVERSITY PRESERVATION IN KAZAKHSTAN

Author
item KOVALCHUK, I. - KAZAKH INST. OF POMOLOGY
item Reed, Barbara

Submitted to: Ecosystems of Mongolia and Frontier Areas of Adjacent Countries: Natural Resources, Biodiversity
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/20/2006
Publication Date: 9/15/2006
Citation: Kovalchuk, I.Y., Reed, B.M. 2006. Biotechnological methods of fruit and small fruit cultures biodiversity preservation in kazakhstan. Ecosystems of Mongolia and Frontier Areas of Adjacent Countries: Natural Resources, Biodiversity. p. 15-17. .

Interpretive Summary: Conservation of the biodiversity of fruit crops in Kazakhstan is in progress in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Tissue-cultured plantlets in cold storage at refrigerator temperatues were maintained in good condition under low light. Optimum growth medium and storage conditions were determined for the fruit collections. The in vitro genebank includes 76 cultivars of stone fruits, 32 seed fruits and 51 small fruits. Storage of important plants in liquid nitrogen (cryopreservation) is also in development. The most effective technique for apple cryopreservation produced 56.5-66.1% recovery of plants. The best cryopreservation technique for long-term storage of currant produced 31.6-95.7% recovery and for raspberry 57.1-70.6%. These new storage techniques provide the opportunity for secure genebank storage of important fruit crops and endangered plant diversity in Kazakhstan.

Technical Abstract: Cold storage of in vitro-grown plantlets and cryopreservation of shoot tips are used for preservation of fruit and small furit biodiversity in Kazakhstan. Tissue-cultured plantlets in cold storage in plastic air-penetrating bags were maintained in good condition the longest at 3 C to 4 C under a 10-h photoperiod (7 micromoles M-2 s-1) on Murashige-Skoog medium with 0.5 mg/l BAP, 0.1 mg/l IBA and 3% sucrose or 2% sucrose plus 2% mannitol. The in vitro genebank includes 76 cultivars of stone fruits, 32 seed fruits and 51 small fruits. Cryopreservation protocols were optimized to maintain shoot-tip viability and plant regrowth following storage in liquid nitrogen. The most effective technique for apple cryopreservation is the PVS2 vitrification technique (56.5-66.1% regrowth). The encapsulation-dehydration method was the best for long-term storage of currant (31.6-95.7%) and raspberry (57.1-70.6%). This genebank provides security for important genetic resources of Kazakhstan.