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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Sunflower and Plant Biology Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #184220
Title: REGISTRATION OF THREE LOW CADMIUM (HA 448, HA 449, AND RHA 450) CONFECTION SUNFLOWER GENETIC STOCKS

Author
item Miller, Jerry
item Green, Carrie
item LI, YIN-M - SELF, POTOMAC, MD
item Chaney, Rufus

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/3/2005
Publication Date: 1/1/2006
Citation: Miller, J.F., Green, C.E., Li, Y., Chaney, R.L. 2006. Registration of three low cadmium (HA 448, HA 449, and RHA 450) confection sunflower genetic stocks. Crop Science. 46:489-490.

Interpretive Summary: Two maintainer (HA 448 and HA 449) and one restorer (RHA 450) confection sunflower genetic stocks were developed cooperatively and released by the USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND, and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, ND. These genetic stocks are available for use by confection sunflower industry and public researchers to create germplasms, parental lines, or hybrids with decreased Cd uptake into kernels. Confection sunflower having kernels with a lower Cd content would allow more growers to produce this crop and meet crop Cd limits imposed by kernel purchasers. HA 448 and HA 449 were derived from crossing the USDA confection inbred line HA 323 with HA 290, a line identified as having extremely low cadmium uptake. RHA 450 was derived from crossing the USDA confection restorer inbred line RHA 324 with an open-pollinated cultivar, Primrose (PI 490318). The segregating generations utilized in developing these genetic stocks were planted on soil types known to be high in plant-available Cd. Kernels harvested were sent to the USDA-ARS Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, BARC, Beltsville, MD, for analysis. Only those lines with the lowest Cd uptake were advanced to the next generation. Hybrids were made between HA 448 and HA 449 with RHA 450 and seeds were planted in soils high in Cd. The hybrids averaged 0.68 mg kg-1 in kernel Cd content as compared with the average of the check hybrid of 1.38 mg kg-1. These genetic stocks represent the first sunflower genetic stocks available to researchers to utilize in programs to lower the cadmium content of confection sunflower.

Technical Abstract: Two maintainer (HA 448 and HA 449) and one restorer (RHA 450) confection sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genetic stocks were developed cooperatively and released by the USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND, and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, ND. These genetic stocks are available for use by confection sunflower industry and public researchers to create germplasms, parental lines, or hybrids with decreased Cd uptake into kernels. Confection sunflower having kernels with a lower Cd content would allow more growers to produce this crop and meet crop Cd limits imposed by kernel purchasers. HA 448 and HA 449 were derived from crossing the USDA confection inbred line HA 323 with HA 290, a line identified as having extremely low cadmium uptake. RHA 450 was derived from crossing the USDA confection restorer inbred line RHA 324 with an open-pollinated cultivar, Primrose (PI 490318). The segregating generations utilized in developing these genetic stocks were planted on soil types known to be high in plant-available Cd. Kernels harvested were sent to the USDA-ARS Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, BARC, Beltsville, MD, for analysis. Only those lines with the lowest Cd uptake were advanced to the next generation. Hybrids were made between HA 448 and HA 449 with RHA 450 and seeds were planted in soils high in Cd. The hybrids averaged 0.68 mg kg-1 in kernel Cd content as compared with the average of the check hybrid of 1.38 mg kg-1. These genetic stocks represent the first sunflower genetic stocks available to researchers to utilize in programs to lower the cadmium content of confection sunflower.