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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Corvallis, Oregon » Horticultural Crops Research Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #183491

Title: SURVEY FOR VIRUSES OF GRAPEVINE IN OREGON AND WASHINGTON

Author
item Martin, Robert
item EASTWELL, K - WASHINGTON STATE UNIV
item WAGNER, A - WSDA
item LAMPRECHT, S - OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
item TZANETAKIS, I - OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Plant Disease
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/15/2005
Publication Date: 7/1/2005
Citation: Martin, R.R., Eastwell, K.C., Wagner, A., Lamprecht, S., Tzanetakis, I.E. 2005. Survey for viruses of grapevine in oregon and washington. Plant Disease. 89:763-766.

Interpretive Summary: Prior to 2000, Washington was the only state in the western United States to have Rupestris stem pitting listed as a quarantine disease, and the causal virus was controlled through the use of certified planting stock, much of which came from California. Then, in January 2001, Rupestris stem pitting associated virus (RSPaV) was removed from the California Grapevine Registration and Certification program. This prompted the Washington industry to carry out a survey for RSPaV. Tests were conducted for Grapevine leafroll associated viruses-1, -2, and -3 (GLRaV-1, -2, -3) as well as for the nematode-transmitted viruses, Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), and Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), at the same time. The Oregon wine industry funded a similar survey in Oregon. GLRaV-1, -2, and -3 were detected in 2.6%, 0.2%, and 6.5% of the Washington samples and in 3.0%, 0.4%, and 4.4% of the Oregon samples. RSPaV was detected in 4.6% of the samples from Washington and was not tested for in the Oregon samples since this is not a controlled virus in Oregon. No ToRSV, ArMV, or GFLV was detected in any of the samples from Oregon or Washington. Since nursery managers in Washington have reported an increase in the incidence of grapevine leafroll disease, transmission studies of field isolates of GLRaV-3 by the grape mealybug were carried out, and transmission was demonstrated in controlled studies. As a result of this work, a northwest grape foundation program is being developed, RSPaV has been removed from the quarantine list of pathogens in the state of Washington (although it is still being controlled through the use of certified planting stocks), and strategies to control the grape mealybug are being developed.

Technical Abstract: Grapevines in Washington and Oregon were surveyed for the prevalence of key grapevine viruses. Samples collected from 1522 vines in Washington were tested for Rupestris stem pitting associated virus (RSPaV), Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), and Grapevine leafroll associated virus-3 (GLRaV -3). Tests were also conducted for GLRaV –1 and –2 on 420 samples from Washington. Two hundred forty samples collected from wine grape vineyards in Oregon, were tested for GLRaV –1, –2, and –3, and an additional 2880 samples were collected from 40 vineyards known to have high populations of Xiphinema americanum nematodes. The latter were tested for ArMV, ToRSV and GFLV. GLRaV -1, -2 and –3 were detected in 2.6%, 0.2% and 6.5% of the Washington samples and in 3.0%, 0.4% and 4.4% of the Oregon samples. RSPaV was detected in 4.6% of the samples from Washington. No ToRSV, ArMV or GFLV was detected in any of the samples from Oregon or Washington. Transmission of field isolates of GLRaV-3 from Washington by the grape mealybug also was demonstrated.