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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania » Eastern Regional Research Center » Sustainable Biofuels and Co-products Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #178420
Title: SCARIFICATION OF BARLEY TO PRODUCE VALUE-ADDED FRACTIONS

Author
item Flores, Rolando
item Hicks, Kevin

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/25/2005
Publication Date: 7/25/2005
Citation: Flores, R.A. 2005. Scarification of barley to produce value-added fractions. Abstract presented at the International Association of Cereal Chemists, Orlando, FL, September 11-14, 2005.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: New barley varieties are being developed to use this crop in nontraditional food and non-food value-added applications, such as ethanol production. The objective of this study was to abrade the outer layers of the barley kernel creating a fraction enriched in pericarp and keeping the physical integrity of the abraded kernel. The potential use of the abraded kernel is in milling and fractionation in ethanol production and the non-fermentable pericarp enriched fraction in other value-added applications. Four barley samples, two hulled (Thoroughbred and Nomini) and two hulless (Doyce and Merlin), were scarified at 22 scarification times to remove selected layers of pericarp and endosperm. Three different abrasive surfaces (36, 40 and 50 grit) were used in the scarifier to determine the material removal ratio for each barley variety. The scarified barley was fractionated into fine and coarse material. Material balance, ash content and color were determined for all the fractions produced. During the first 60 s of scarification no major differences were observed in the amount of coarse material produced by the different surfaces; however, after 60 s of scarification, rougher surfaces produced more fine material and consequently less coarse material. Overall, the Merlin variety produced more fines than Doyce, and Thoroughbred more fines than Nomini with all abrasive surfaces. The variability in the amount of fines and coarse materials produced increased after 60 s of scarification. Ash recovery was determined as a function of the scarifying time and color using polynomial functions with coefficients of determination that ranged from 0.70 to 0.95 for the different abrasive surfaces. The information obtained in this study is useful in designing equipment and processes capable of removing selective layers of barley kernels.