ARS | Publication request: RESIDUES AND METABOLISM OF 36CL-LABELED SODIUM CHLORATE IN CATTLE.

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: January 8, 2005
Publication Date: March 1, 2005
Citation: Smith, D.J., Oliver, C.E., Anderson, R.C., Caton, J.S. 2005. Residues and metabolism of 36cl-labeled sodium chlorate in cattle. [abstract] American Chemical Society (ACS) Spring Meeting, San Diego, CA, March 13-17, 2005, Picogram No. 68, Abstract No. 106.

Technical Abstract: Inclusion of an experimental sodium chlorate product (ECP) in the diets of cattle, sheep, swine, and poultry decreases gastrointestinal concentrations of Salmonella species and enteropathogenic E. coli strains, without adversely affecting normal microflora. The selectivity of sodium chlorate is due to the presence of assimilatory nitrate reductase in target organisms and its absence in non-target bacteria. Intracellular nitrate reductase co-metabolizes chlorate to the bactericidal agent chlorite. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of sodium chlorate dose on metabolism, residues, and excretion in cattle. Six Loala steers and heifers (151 plus or minus 36 kg) on a forage-corn diet were trained to metabolism crates, and dosed intra-ruminally with 0.5X, X, and 1.5X levels of 36Cl-labeled ECP (0.091 microCi/mg), where X is equivalent to a dose known to have in vivo efficacy. The daily dose equivalent was administered intraruminally at 0, 8, 16, and 24 hours in equal aliquots, and animals were slaughtered 24 hours later. Total radioactive residues in urine and tissues were composed only of sodium chloride and sodium chlorate. No sodium chlorite was measured in urine or tissues. Maximum chlorate residues in liver, kidney, and adipose tissue were 5.9, 21.1, and 4.5% of provisional safe tissue concentrations (STC) of chlorate provided by the US FDA CVM. In skeletal muscle, chlorate residues were 6.9, 34.7, and 117% of the provisional FDA STC, for the .5X, X, and 1.5X doses, respectively. These data suggest that further development of the ECP as a feed additive for cattle is warranted.