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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Crop Science Research Laboratory » Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #167047
Title: CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES FROM GOSSYPIUM BARBADENSE L. AS SOURCES FOR G HIRSUTUM L. IMPROVEMENT

Author
item Jenkins, Johnie
item McCarty, Jack
item WU, JIXIANG - MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV
item Saha, Sukumar
item STELLY, DAVID - TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: International Crop Science Congress Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/26/2004
Publication Date: 10/13/2004
Citation: Jenkins, J.N., McCarty Jr., J.C., Wu, J., Saha, S., Stelly, D. Chromosome substitution lines from Gossypium barbadense L. as sources for G. hirsutum L. improvement. In: Fisher, T., editor. Proceedings 4th International Crop Science Congress, September 26-October 1, 2004, Brisbane, Australia. 2004 CDROM.

Interpretive Summary: Introgressing genes from Gossypium barbadnese into G. hirsutum is difficult, due to the interspedific nature of the cross. A series of chromosome substitution lines (CS-B) in which one whole chromosome or chromosome arm from 3-79, a G. barbadense line, has been substituted into TM-1, a G. hirsutum line, have been developed. Each of these lines has 25 pairs of chromosomes from G. hirsutum and one pair of chromosomes or chromosome arms from G. barbadense. When one of these CS-B lines is crossed with G. hirsutum only one chromosome or chromosome arm from G. barbadense is interspecific. This should improve the chances of successful introgression of genes from G. barbadense by eliminating some of the problems inherent in hybridization at the whole genome level. We studied the combining ability of 13 CS-B lines when crossed with five cultivars from diverse commercial breeding programs. General combining ability effects (GCA) predominated. Among the CS-B lines, CS-B25 had the highest GCA for fiber length and strength. Among the cultivars, FiberMax 966 exhibited positive GCA for fiber length and strength and Phytogen 355 showed positive GCA for fiber length. Parental line 3-79 was the highest in GCA for fiber length and strength; however it also had a very high negative GCA for yield and lint percent. The data suggest that these CS-B lines are very useful for introgressing fiber quality genes into G.hirsutum. These CS-B lines will greatly decrease the problems previously encountered with interspecific hybridization at the whole genome level; however, the data suggest that they will not eliminate all the problems.

Technical Abstract: Gossypium barbadense line 3-79 has exceptionally good fiber length, fineness, and strength. Chromosome substitution (CS-B) lines with individual 3-79 chromosomes or chromosome arms backcrossed into TM-1, G. hirsutum, were studied for combining ability following a top cross to five elite cultivars. General Combining Ability (GCA) effects predominated. Among the CS-B lines, CS-B25 had the highest GCA for fiber length and strength. Among the cultivars PCS 355 and FM 966 were the best in GCA for fiber length and FM 966 for fiber strength. Line 3-79 was the highest in GCA for fiber length and strength; however, it also had very high negative GCA for yield and lint percent. These data suggest that these CS-B lines are useful for introgressing fiber quality genes from 3-79 into G. hirsutum; however, these CS-B lines do not solve all the problems with interspecific hybridization at the whole genome level commonly seen when crossing the two species.