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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Griffin, Georgia » Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #165865
Title: SESAMIN AND TOCOPHEROL VARIANTS IN SESAME SEEDS FROM GENOTYPES REGENERATED IN GEORGIA, U.S.A.

Author
item WILLIAMSON, K - OKLA MED. RES. FOUNDAT
item HENSLEY, K - OKLA MED. RES. FOUNDAT.
item Morris, John - Brad

Submitted to: Proceedings Assoc for Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC) Annual Meeting
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/15/2004
Publication Date: 9/19/2004
Citation: Williamson, K.S., Hensley, K., Morris, J.B. 2004. Sesamin and tocopherol variants in sesame seeds from genotypes regenerated in georgia, u.s.a.. In: Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops, New Uses Council. Industrial Crops and Uses to Diversify Agriculture, Joint Annual Meeting, Sept 19-22, 2004. p. 41. In: Proceedings Assoc for Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC) Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, MN.

Interpretive Summary: Sesame seeds contain many useful chemicals capable of human health enhancing activities. More than 1000 sesame accessions are stored in The Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, GA. The amount of the antioxidants sesamin and tocopherol in sesame accessions are unknown. Limited information is also available for regenerating these sesame accessions in Georgia, U.S.A. Tehniques are reported to determine the amount of both antioxidants as well as sesame regeneration. Sesamin ranged from 1.09 mg/g to 3.31 mg/g while tocopherol ranged from 0.017 ug/g to 166.7 ug/g from all sesame accessions tested. Sesame seed regeneration produced 1,918 to 144,191 seed per accession of the entries when using this technique. Thus, these techniques proved that sesamin and tocopherol exists in sesame seed at variable amounts plus sesame can be successfully regenerated in Georgia, U.S.A.

Technical Abstract: Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) contains bioactive phytochemicals and nutraceuticals to be utilized in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical markets. Sesamin is an antioxidant capable of reducing cholesterol while the antioxidant, tocopherol protects polyunsaturated fatty acids from oxidation. Both sesamin and tocopherol are present in sesame seed. The objectives for this study were to quantify sesamin and topherol from 20 sesame genotypes plus determine their regeneration capability in Georgia, U.S.A. Sesamin and tocopherol from each sesame accession were extracted, characterized, and quantified. In addition, sesame seed from each acccession were also regenerated in the field from direct seeding or transplants. Sesamin ranged from 1.09 mg/g to 3.31 mg/g while tocopherol ranged from 0.017 ug/g to 166.7 ug/g and seed numbers ranged from 1,918 to 144,191 among regenerated sesame accessions. Sesame genotypes with variable amounts of sesamin and tocopherol were identified and an optimum regeneration technique is also described.