Technical Abstract: Neospora caninum was isolated from the brain of a 6-mo- old aborted bovine fetus from Galicia, Spain. The fetal brain homogenate was inoculated intraperitoneally into cortisonized mice. The peritoneal exudate from the infected mice, along with mouse sarcoma cells (Tg180) was inoculated into a second group of mice and parasites were harvested from the peritoneal exudate. The parasites were adapted to in vitro growth in Vero monolayers. The tachyzoites from the peritoneal exudate reacted positively with anti-N. caninum antibodies and not with anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibodies on indirect fluorescent antibody test. The tachyzoites were lethal to interferon gamma gene knock out (KO) mice and could be identified immunohistochemically in the tissues. The identity of the parasite was also confirmed by PCR amplification of N. caninum specific fragments. The sequences of the amplified gene 5 fragment (GenBank accession No. AY494944) were found to be identical to that of an Austrian isolate of N. caninum, but not with that of NC-1.This is the first isolation of viable N. caninum from Spain.