ARS | Publication request: LOCALIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GENES CONTROLLING FIBER QUALITY PROPERTIES IN COTTON GENOMES (G.BARBADENSE AND G.HIRSUTUM)

Submitted to: Plant and Animal Genome Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: January 17, 1999
Publication Date: January 17, 1999
Citation: YU, J., KOHEL, R.J., PARK, Y., LAZO, G.R. LOCALIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GENES CONTROLLING FIBER QUALITY PROPERTIES IN COTTON GENOMES (G.BARBADENSE AND G.HIRSUTUM). PLANT AND ANIMAL GENOME CONFERENCE. 1999. ABSTRACT P. 296.

Technical Abstract: Modern textile automation in spinning technology continues to require cotton breeders to engineer highly productive Upland cottons with superior fiber quality. Both extra long staple (ELS) cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) and Upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.) are investigated for their superior fiber properties (strength, length, and fineness). A total of 13 QTLs have been identified in ELS cotton accession 3-79 (30.2 cN/tex for fiber strength, 1.34 inch for fiber length, and 3.20 Micronaire unit for fiber fineness). They are located on different chromosomes or linkage groups of our molecular map comprised of 355 DNA markers covering 4,766 cM (Haldane function) of the cotton genome in 50 linkage groups. These QTLs explained 30% to 60% of phenotypic variance for each fiber quality property in the F2 population. Both A and D subgenomes contain fiber quality genes. The effect and mode of the individual QTLs have been characterized in the genetic background of a highly productive and widely adapted Upland cotton TM-1 (20.2 cN/tex for fiber strength, 1.10 inch for fiber length, and 4.47 Micronaire unit for fiber fineness). The results indicate that high-quality fiber QTLs are more recessive than dominant, making marker-assisted selection (MAS) more desiable. Among Upland cottons known to possess high-quality fiber are Acala accession HS427-10 (27.8 cN/tex for fiber strength, 1.18 inch for fiber length, and 4.29 Micronaire unit for fiber fineness) and Pee Dee accession PD6992 (25.7cN/tex for fiber strength, 1.16 inch for fiber length, and 3.91 Micronaire unit for fiber fineness). We have obtained intra-specific DNA polymorphism for these two cottons. Currently, we are genotyping F2 populations of three diallel crosses among HS427-10, PD6992, and TM-1 (background reference). Comparison of their gene locations and effects with those of 3-79 would provide crucial information for transferring the fiber quality QTLs during marker-assisted selection in Upland cotton breeding programs.