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ARS Home » Midwest Area » East Lansing, Michigan » Sugarbeet and Bean Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #142653
Title: USDA, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE BREEDING PROGRAM RESULTS FOR 2001

Author
item Hosfield, George
item Bushey, Shawna
item MARCHETTI, BERNARD - RETIRED ARS

Submitted to: Saginaw Valley Bean and Beet Farm Report
Publication Type: Experiment Station
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/17/2002
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: The Michigan sugar beet industry, represented by Farmers and Manufacturers Beet Sugar Association and the Michigan dry bean industry, represented by the Michigan Bean Commission and the Michigan Bean Shippers Association, purchased a 120 acre farm for lease to Michigan State University to conduct field research on sugar beets, dry edible beans, and related cash crops. This farm, known as the Saginaw Valley Bean and Beet Research Farm (B&B Farm), provides a unique site for the conduct of trials for predicting the worth of elite selections before they are released to commerce. In 2001, USDA/ARS grew a number of interesting and elite dry bean populations in trials for selection based on yield, agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, and food quality characteristics. The weather conditions during the 2001 growing season caused a substantial loss of yield. Because of the drought and the wet harvest, yields were generally below 500 pounds per acre. In most cases, seed that was harvested from the experiments was only enough to maintain the line and plant in 2002. Data were taken on Tests 1152, 1181, 1182, and 0199 and are reported in the 2001 Annual Research Report of the Saginaw Valley Bean and Beet Research Farm. Some selections were taken in the second and fourth generations (F2 and F4) after hybridization early generation nurseries for further advancement in 2002. The ability to conduct dry bean research at the B&B Farm provides the breeder with a piece of land uniform in both inherent characteristics (i.e., soil type, microclimate, etc.) and cropping history, professional management, availability of specialized equipment, and the opportunity to test for genotype x environmental interactions. Following the principles of plant breeding and the practices inherent in the B&B Farm allows the breeder to accurately identify adaptational change of genetic stocks by gene-substitution. Enhanced adaptation for commerce follows from the selection and isolation of new genotypes which will yield and perform better for traits under selection than their parents.

Technical Abstract: In 2001, USDA/ARS grew a number of dry bean populations in trials at the Saginaw Valley Bean and Beet Research Farm for assessing breeding line performance for traits under selection. An advanced yield trial of 64 small-red market class breeding lines (Test 1152) and two additional yield trials were grown: Test 1161 consisted of 25 small-red market class entries and Test 1162 consisted of 30 pink market class breeding lines. Two recombinant inbred black bean populations, one with 110 entries (Test 1181) and the other with 100 entries (Test 1182) were grown to determine the effect of seed coat characters on leaching during canning. A black bean test (0199) with 12 entries was grown in collaboration with Colorado State University to investigate the effect of diverse locations on leaching and seed coat characteristics. An F4 early nursery (Test 1173) and an F2 generation nursery, representing potential new small-red and pink breeding lines were grown. A nursery (Test 1171) of 44 entries was grown to ascertain seed coat segregation in small-red and pink populations. A nursery of 36 lines (Test 1151) representing genetic foundation stocks was grown to increase seed for planting in 2002. A rust nursery was planted and consisted of 96 entries (Test 1175) and represented a subset of the F4 observation nursery. A 24-entry nursery was grown to screen for anthracnose resistance. A test of 72 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) obtained from the University of Wisconsin (Wisconsin Canning Test) was grown to determine the effect of gene introgression from Phaseolus acutifolius on canning quality traits of dry bean (P. vulgaris). The weather conditions during the 2001 growing season caused a substantial loss of yield. Because of the drought and the wet harvest, yields were generally below 500 pounds per acre. We are reporting the 2001 data that were taken on Tests 1152, 1181, 1182, and 0199. These data are for reporting purposes only and are not indicative of the performance of these lines and, hence, should not be construed as the true performance under normal growing conditions.