Technical Abstract: A study was conducted to analyze the genetic relationships among the 23 red rice populations and three rice cultivars using 15 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The 15 primers produced a total of 111 reproducible bands, 89 of which were polymorphic. Seventy-eight bands were polymorphic among the red rice populations while only 45 were polymorphic among the three rice cultivars. Cluster analysis and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) showed five general groups of the 26 populations with five outliers. Group I contained strawhull, awnless-type populations, Group II contained two awned blackhull red rice populations, Group III contained the four awned strawhull types and five awned blackhull types of red rice, Group IV consisted of the long grain rice cultivars, Katy and Kaybonnet, and Group V contained awned blackhull types which were genetically distant from Group II. A medium grain rice cultivar, two awned blackhull red rice populations, and two awnless strawhull red rice populations were outliers because each was genetically distant from the other and from the five main clusters. These results were generally in agreement with the morphological groupings of most of the red rice populations indicating that RAPD assays could be useful in discriminating among closely related species.