Technical Abstract: Plant improvements of Lesquerella fendleri are necessary for this potential industrial oilseed crop to be successfully grown in cultivation and improve the economic profile of the crop. Improving oil quantity and seed yield are the most obvious ways to improve profitability for the farmer. A new germplasm line was developed with elevated levels of seed oil, hydroxy fatty acid yield, and seed yield compared with the best lines that are now available. This new high oil line provides germplasm with high genetic diversity for future improvements to public and private researchers. Development of lesquerella into a viable commercial crop will provide an alternative crop for U.S. farmers and an alternative domestic source of hydroxy fatty acids, presently filled by imported castor.