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Title: Clinical features and management of non-HIV related lipodystrophy in children: A systematic review

Author
item GUPTA, NIDHI - Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine
item ASI, NOOR - Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine
item FARAH, WIGDAN - Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine
item ALMASRI, JEHAD - Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine
item BARRIONUEVO, PATRICIA - Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine
item ALSAWAS, MOUAZ - Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine
item WANG, ZHEN - Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine
item HAYMOND, MOREY - Children'S Nutrition Research Center (CNRC)
item BROWN, REBECCA - National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases
item MURAD, MOHAMMAD - Mayo Clinic College Of Medicine

Submitted to: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/9/2016
Publication Date: 2/1/2017
Citation: Gupta, N., Asi, N., Farah, W., Almasri, J., Barrionuevo, P.M., Alsawas, M., Wang, Z., Haymond, M.W., Brown, R.J., Murad, M.H. 2017. Clinical features and management of non-HIV related lipodystrophy in children: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 102(2):363-374.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Lipodystrophy syndromes are characterized by generalized or partial absence of adipose tissue. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize data on clinical and metabolic features of lipodystrophy (age at onset, < 18 years). Sources included Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Non-Indexed Citations from inception through January 2016. Search terms included lipodystrophy, and age 0 to 18 years. Patients with unambiguous diagnosis of lipodystrophy were included. Lipodystrophy secondary to HIV treatment was excluded. We identified 1141 patients from 351 studies. Generalized fat loss involving face, neck, abdomen, thorax, and upper and lower limbs was explicitly reported in 65% to 93% of patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) and acquired generalized lipodystrophy (AGL). In familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL), fat loss occurred from upper and lower limbs, with sparing of face and neck. In acquired partial lipodystrophy (APL), upper limbs were involved while lower limbs were spared. Other features were prominent musculature, acromegaloid, acanthosis nigricans and hepatosplenomegaly. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 48% (n=222) of patients with CGL (mean age at onset, 5.3 years). Hypertriglyceridemia was observed in CGL, AGL and FPL. Multiple interventions were used, with most patients receiving >/= 3 interventions and being >/= 18 years of age at the initiation of interventions. To our knowledge, this is the largest reported pooled database describing lipodystrophy patients with age at onset < 18 years. We have suggested core and supportive clinical features and summarized data on available interventions, outcomes and mortality.