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Title: Inheritance of the ovule fuzzless trait for Gossypium arboreum germplasm line PI 529708

Author
item Erpelding, John

Submitted to: International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/12/2017
Publication Date: 1/21/2017
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/5642509
Citation: Erpelding, J.E. 2017. Inheritance of the ovule fuzzless trait for Gossypium arboreum germplasm line PI 529708. International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics. 11:25-30. doi:10.3923/ijpbg.2017.25.30.

Interpretive Summary: Cotton is the most important fiber crop for textile production. Lint and fuzz are the two types of fiber produced on cotton seed with lint fibers used for textile production. Determining the genes controlling the development of these fibers can help in breeding varieties with higher fiber yields and improved fiber quality. From the U.S. cotton germplasm collection, several Asiatic cotton (Gossypium arboreum) varieties were identified that lack the development of fuzz fibers on the seeds. One of these fuzzless varieties (PI 529708) was crossed with a fuzzy seed variety (PI 529729) to determine the number of genes controlling fuzz development on the seed. The segregating population developed from this cross showed that the fuzzless trait was dominant. The data also showed that the interaction of three genes was required to produce seeds lacking fuzz fiber development. Reducing the amount of fuzz fibers on the seed in one strategy to improve lint yield; thus, understanding the genes controlling fuzz fiber production is needed for this approach.

Technical Abstract: Background: Cotton is the most important fiber crop and understanding the genetic mechanisms controlling fiber production on cotton seeds can aid in the development of improved varieties with higher lint yields and improved fiber quality. Lint and fuzz are the two types of fiber produced on the cotton seed and mutations in the genes controlling these traits can result in a lack of fiber development. The ovule fuzzless genotype PI 529708 was identified from the United States Gossypium arboreum germplasm collection. Methodology: This genotype was crossed with the fuzzy seed genotype PI 529729 to determine the genetic inheritance of the ovule fuzzless trait. Results: Seeds from F1 plants showed the ovule fuzzless phenotype indicating the fuzzless trait was dominate over fuzz fiber development. The F2 segregation data fit a three complementary gene model. For corolla color, petal spot, and stem pigmentation, the F2 segregation data for each trait fit the expected single dominant gene model indicating normal segregation for the population. Conclusion: Reducing the amount of fuzz fibers on the cotton seed is one strategy to improve lint yield and ginning efficiency; therefore, determining the genes controlling fuzz fiber production is required to manipulate this trait in breeding programs.