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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Peoria, Illinois » National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research » Functional Foods Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #328453

Research Project: Improved Utilization of Low-Value Oilseed Press Cakes and Pulses for Health-Promoting Food Ingredients and Biobased Products

Location: Functional Foods Research

Title: Modification of whole flours of navy bean, pinto bean, black bean and chickpea by steam jet cooking and drum drying

Author
item Felker, Frederick
item Kenar, James - Jim
item Byars, Jeffrey
item Singh, Mukti
item Liu, Sean

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/23/2016
Publication Date: 10/26/2016
Citation: Felker, F.C., Kenar, J.A., Byars, J.A., Singh, M., Liu, S.X. 2016. Modification of whole flours of navy bean, pinto bean, black bean and chickpea by steam jet cooking and drum drying [abstract]. American Association of Cereal Chemists International.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Whole bean flours of navy bean, pinto bean, black bean and chickpea were processed by excess steam jet cooking, drum drying, and milling to a state resembling the raw flours. Analysis of the structure and size of the particles, color, solubility and pasting characteristics, dietary fiber, and protein digestibility revealed differences that could provide advantages of this processing technique for certain food applications. Solubility in hot water and protein digestibility were increased by the processing, while average particle size, water absorption index, viscosity after pasting, and lightness of color were decreased. Color changes suggested slight Maillard browning and solubilization and redistribution of seed coat pigments. Starch granules were completely solubilized and the starch, along with fiber and denatured protein components, formed a uniform composite matrix with lower solubility at 25 °C than raw flours. Fiber analysis revealed that jet cooking converted a portion of insoluble fiber to soluble fiber. Differences between the diverse pulse types were observed, but they were minor and reflected composition differences between the bean types. These results suggest that further investigations to distinguish jet cooking from drum drying effects, as well as to characterize the functional performance and nutritional profile of the processed flours in various food systems, are warranted.