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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Griffin, Georgia » Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #257315
Title: Response of progeny bred from Bolivian and North American cultivars in integrated management systems for leaf spot of peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Author
item GREMILLION, S - Armstrong Atlantic State University
item CULBREATH, A - University Of Georgia
item GORBET, D - University Of Florida
item MULLINIX, B - Texas A&M University
item Pittman, Roy
item STEVENSON, K - University Of Georgia
item TODD, J - University Of Georgia
item CONDORI, M - Association Of Producers Of Oilseeds And Wheat (ANAPO)

Submitted to: Crop Protection
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/6/2011
Publication Date: 6/20/2011
Citation: Gremillion, S., Culbreath, A., Gorbet, D., Mullinix, B., Pittman, R.N., Stevenson, K., Todd, J., Condori, M. 2011. Response of progeny bred from Bolivian and North American cultivars in integrated management systems for leaf spot of peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Crop Protection Journal. 30(6):698-704.

Interpretive Summary: The purpose of this work was to evaluate a Bolivian landrace ‘Bayo Grande’ and a series of breeding line progeny using two IDM systems. One consisted of a full and reduced spray fungicide regimes and the second consisted of a full and reduced spray fungicide regimes in combination with conventional and strip tillage treatment in field experiments over two years in the U.S. and Bolivia. Application of three or four sprays of tebuconazole on Bayo Grande and several of the progeny lines suppressed leaf spot to levels similar to those in susceptible cultivar Georgia Green to which full-season regimes were applied. Several of these new Bolivian-derived genotypes show promise for use in a reduced fungicide and/or strip tillage IDM system with the potential to lessen fungicide use compared to standard production practices while maintaining low leaf spot levels and high yields.

Technical Abstract: Early leaf spot caused by the fungus Cercospora arachidicola, and late leaf spot caused by the fungus Cercosporidium personatum, are major yield-reducing diseases of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the southeastern U.S. Effective control of both leaf spots can be reached with integrated disease management (IDM) systems utilizing cultivars with moderate levels of resistance to these pathogens. A Bolivian land-race cultivar, Bayo Grande, and a series of breeding line progeny were evaluated using two IDM systems; the first consisted of a full and reduced-spray fungicide regimes, and the second of a full and reduced-spray fungicide regimes in combination with conventional and strip (conservation) tillage treatments in field experiments over two years. Bayo Grande and progeny lines had better leaf spot resistance than the standard southeastern U.S. cultivar, Georgia Green. Application of three or four sprays of tebuconazole on Bayo Grande and several of the progeny lines suppressed leaf spot to levels similar to those in susceptible cultivar Georgia Green to which full-season regimes were applied. Strip tillage reduced the need for fungicides in most genotypes in one year, but it did not contribute to fungicide spray reduction between conventional and strip tillage in the following year. Yields were higher in Bayo Grande and the progeny lines compared to Georgia Green in three of the four experiments across both years. No reduced fungicide regime supported yields higher to those under the full season regime across experiments and years. Under strip tillage, yields of Bayo Grande and two of the progeny lines were negatively impacted in one year, and were overall lower in the other year. Several of these new Bolivian-derived genotypes show promise for use in a reduced fungicide and/or strip tillage IDM system with the potential to lessen fungicide use compared to standard production practices while maintaining low leaf spot levels and high yields.