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Title: Syncytium gene expression in Glycine max [PI88788} roots undergoing a resistant reaction of the parasitic nematode Heterodera glycines

Author
item KLINK, V - Mississippi State University
item HOUSSEIN, P - Towson University
item MATSYE, P - Mississippi State University
item ALKHAROUF, N - Towson University
item Matthews, Benjamin - Ben

Submitted to: Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/17/2009
Publication Date: 1/30/2010
Citation: Klink, V., Houssein, P., Matsye, P., Alkharouf, N., Matthews, B.F. 2010. An expression analysis of syncytia isolated from the roots of the Glycine max (soybean) genotype PI 88788 undergoing a resistant reaction after infection by Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 48:176-193.

Interpretive Summary: The soybean cyst nematode is the major pest of soybean and causes an estimated one billion dollars in damages annually in the U.S. There are numerous races of soybean cyst nematode and current soybean cultivars grown in the U.S. are not resistant to all races. We collected soybean cells specifically at the nematode feeding site in the root of the soybean PI88788 that exhibited a resistant reaction that is delayed in response to the soybean cyst nematode as compared with that of resistant soybean cultivar Peking. Genes expressed by soybean roots in these samples were identified. Analysis of gene expression identified differentially expressed genes involved in the plasma membrane composition and membrane transport. These data are of interest to scientists seeking to understand modes of resistance of plants to nematodes.

Technical Abstract: Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to isolate Heterodera glycines feeding sites (syncytia) from the (G. max) genotype PI 88788. Syncytia at various stages of the resistant response were isolated from roots 3, 6 and 9 days post infection (dpi). At 3 dpi, the analyses revealed highly induced levels of CPRD49 (246.47 fold), plasma membrane intrinsic polypeptide (212.54 fold), thioredoxin domain 2 (189.95 fold), nitrate transporter 2 (NTP2) (167.85 fold), a different plasma membrane intrinsic polypeptide (139.98 fold), nitrate transporter 1.1 (NRT1.1) (131.39 fold) and another thioredoxin domain 2 gene (120.26 fold). At 6 dpi, the analyses revealed highly induced levels of CPRD49 (182.59 fold), gibberellin-regulated family protein (GIR1) (133.57 fold), nitrate transporter 1.1 (NRT1.1) (115.52 fold), nitrate transporter 2 (NTP2) (97.49 fold), an unknown (96.50 fold) and a thioredoxin domain 2 (84.84 fold). At 9 dpi, the analysis revealed highly induced levels of a plasma membrane intrinsic polypeptide (268.75 fold), CPRD49 (232.88 fold), polygalacturonase-like protein (181.80 fold), extensin precursor (171.71 fold), the PLEIOTROPIC DRUG RESISTANCE 7 ATPase (ATPDR7/PDR7) (167.62 fold), nitrate transporter 2 (NTP2) (166.52 fold), another plasma membrane polypeptide family protein (150.02 fold), BIFUNCTIONAL NUCLEASE I (BFN1) (142.73 fold), GIR1 (141.73 fold), an unknown (130.02 fold), A plant lipid transfer/seed storage/trypsin-alpha amylase inhibitor (127.93 fold), thioredoxin domain 2 (123.25 fold), nitrate transporter 1.1 (NRT1.1) (120.92 fold). Several genes (i.e., NRT1.1, NTP2, CPRD49 and thioredoxin domain 2) are induced throughout the resistant response at high levels, possibly revealing a role in the defense response. Direct comparisons between syncytia undergoing resistant reactions at different time points were performed (i.e., 3 dpi vs. 6 dpi; 6 dpi vs. 9 dpi). Those analyses revealed changes in gene expression that are occurring as syncytia undergo the resistance response.