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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #234764
Title: An example of marker assisted breeding in peanut and an illustration of the need for more markers

Author
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley
item OZIAS-AKINS, P - UNIV OF GA
item CHU, Y - UNIV OF GA
item Timper, Patricia - Patty
item Guo, Baozhu
item DONG, W - UNIV OF GA

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/5/2008
Publication Date: 12/5/2008
Citation: Holbrook Jr, C.C., Ozias-Akins, P., Chu, Y., Timper, P., Guo, B., Dong, W.B. 2008. An example of marker assisted breeding in peanut and an illustration of the need for more markers. Third International Conference on Advances in Arachis through Genomics and Biotechnology, November 4-8, 2008, Hyderabad, India. p. 3.

Interpretive Summary: not required

Technical Abstract: Marker-assisted selection (MAS) can greatly benefit peanut breeding programs by providing genotyping tools that can be applied early in plant development in order to reliably predict phenotypes. A relatively low amount of genetic polymorphism has limited the development of molecular markers for important traits in peanut breeding. We have developed DNA molecular markers for the gene for nematode resistance and for both genes controlling high oleic acid to linoleic acid ratios (high O/L). We are using MAS to rapidly combine the high oleic trait in Tifguard, a recently release variety with resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode. By using marker-assisted selection, considerable time and effort is being saved since the genotype of each individual can be immediately determined and the plant used for another round of backcrossing. Individual F1s cannot be phenotyped for nematode resistance because the bioassay is destructive, and the non-destructive single seed analysis for high O/L would not be informative for F1s because this is a recessive trait and the F1s are heterozygous. Molecular markers overcome both of these drawbacks. Molecular markers need to be developed for traits like drought tolerance and aflatoxin contamination that very difficult and expensive to measure phenotypically.