Author
HERRON, K - UNIVERSITY OF CONN. | |
MCGRANE, M - UNIVERSITY OF CONN. | |
WATERS, D - UNIVERSITY OF CONN. | |
LOFGREN, I - UNIVERSITY OF CONN. | |
CLARK, R - UNIVERSITY OF CONN. | |
Ordovas, Jose | |
FERNANDEZ, M - UNIVERSITY OF CONN. |
Submitted to: Journal of Nutrition
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: 2/23/2006 Publication Date: 5/1/2006 Citation: Herron, K.L., Mcgrane, M.M., Waters, D., Lofgren, I.E., Clark, R.M., Ordovas, J.M., Fernandez, M.L. 2006. The ABCG5 Polymorphism Contributes to Individual Responses to Dietary Cholesterol and Carotenoids in Eggs. Journal of Nutrition. 5:1161-1165. Interpretive Summary: Epidemiological and intervention studies have shown that dietary factors affect the concentration, composition, and metabolism of lipoproteins (1). On the basis of this evidence, the nutrition scientific community has been providing general dietary guidelines as a method by which individuals may decrease their risk for coronary heart disease (CHD)3 through normalizing plasma lipoprotein concentrations (2). One of the recommendations has been to limit the intake of high cholesterol foods, such as eggs, in an attempt to reduce atherogenic concentrations of plasma total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). Early studies (3,4) provided evidence, which remains consistent today, that increased consumption of dietary cholesterol can elevate TC values to some extent in certain individuals. However, extensive research does not support a consistent relation between egg intake and increased CHD incidence (5–7) This could be due to the fact that individuals do not experience a homogeneous response to cholesterol consumption (6). Therefore, it is difficult to predict the effect of cholesterol intake on plasma lipoproteins and cardiovascular risk at the individual level. Technical Abstract: The ATP binding cassette G5 (ABCG5) polymorphisms have been postulated to play a role in the response to dietary cholesterol. The objective of this study was to examine the contribution of the ABCG5 polymorphism on the plasma response to consumption of cholesterol and carotenoids from eggs. For this purpose, genotyping was conducted for 40 men and 51 premenopausal women who were randomly assigned to consume an egg (EGG, 640 mg/d additional dietary cholesterol and 600 microg lutein+ zeaxanthin) or placebo (SUB, 0 mg/d cholesterol, 0 microg lutein + zeaxanthin) diet for 30 d. The two arms of the dietary intervention were separated by a 3-wk washout period. Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), and HDL cholesterol were determined. Because eggs are an excellent source of lutein and zeaxanthin, the plasma levels of these carotenoids were also measured in a subset of subjects to determine whether the response to carotenoid intake was similar to that seen for dietary cholesterol and to evaluate the contribution of ABCG5 polymorphism to both responses. Individuals possessing the C/C genotype experienced a greater increase in both LDL-C (P < 0.05) and a trend for lutein (P = 0.08) during the EGG period compared with those individuals with the C/G (heterozygote) or G/G genotypes (homozygotes). These results, although obtained from a small number of subjects, suggest that the ABCG5 polymorphism may play a role in the plasma response to dietary cholesterol and carotenoids. |