Author
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Jang, Eric |
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Submitted to: Journal of Economic Entomology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: 6/30/2010 Publication Date: N/A Citation: N/A Interpretive Summary: Methyl eugenol is a commonly occurring plant phenylpropanoid which is highly attractive to male oriental fruit fly. Cuelure, a synthetic chemical based on the naturally occurring compound raspberry ketone, is highly attractive to male melon flies. Trials were conducted in 2 locations on the island of Hawaii with plastic matrix preparations of the aforementioned lures in traps with or without a toxicant. Both lures attracted their respective fly for more than 9 months. Non-toxicant traps relied on the one-way entrance design. The Hiramoto trap caught more flies than the toxicant traps when the entrance holes were the same size in both traps. This was due to the concentration of dichlorvos vapor in the toxicant trap, which either killed a portion of the flies or repelled them before they entered the trap. This effect decreased as the toxicant aged. When compared directly, traps containing water and a surfactant caught the greatest number of flies per trap per day. One-way entrance traps are appropriate where water traps are too labor intensive, and where toxicant traps are not allowed (e. g. organic farms), present a health hazard (yards with children), or would need to be replaced more frequently than the lures. The implications of the various traps and lures is discussed in relation to mass trapping of male flies in high population area and detection trapping in areas where flies are not normally found. Technical Abstract: Methyl eugenol (4-allyl-1-2-dimethoxybenzene-carboxylate) is a commonly occurring plant phenylpropanoid which is highly attractive to male oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Cuelure (4-(3-Oxobutyl)phenyl acetate), a synthetic chemical based on the naturally occurring compound raspberry ketone, is highly attractive to male Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett). Trials were conducted in 2 locations on the island of Hawaii with plastic matrix preparation of the aforementioned lures in traps with or without a toxicant. After initial decline in catch during the first 2 months of deployment, methyl eugenol 5 and 10 g lures as well as 2 g cuelure lures exhibited constant rates of catch for > 9 mo. relative to the population fluctuations. Non-toxicant traps relied on the one-way entrance design of Tan (1985), adapted by Hiramoto et al. (in press). In all of these trials the Hiramoto design caught more flies than the toxicant trap. The similar-sized entrance holes (0.70 cm) may have slowed the dissipation of the toxicant vapor, thus causing flies to be repelled or killed outside the entrance to the trap when dichlorvos vapor was evolving at a maximum rate. The effect decreased as the toxicant aged. When compared directly, traps containing water and polypropylene glycol (as a surfactant) caught the greatest number of flies per trap per day. One-way entrance traps are appropriate where water traps are too labor intensive, and where toxicant traps are not allowed (e. g. organic farms), present a health hazard (yards with children), or would need to be replaced more frequently than the lures. The results of these studies are discussed in relation to areawide fruit fly suppression programs where established populations of these flies exist, as well as implications for detection programs in low population areas. |
