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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Washington, D.C. » National Arboretum » Floral and Nursery Plants Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #321375
Title: Survey of viruses present in radish fields in 2014

Author
item CHUNG, JIN-SOO - Chungnam National University
item KIM, JUNG-KYU - Chungnam National University
item JU, HYEK-YOUNG - Chungnam National University
item HAN, JAE-YEONG - Chungnam National University
item SEO, EUN-YOUNG - Chungnam National University
item Hammond, John
item LIM, HYOUN-SUB - Chungnam National University

Submitted to: Research in Plant Disease
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/3/2015
Publication Date: 10/21/2015
Citation: Chung, J., Kim, J., Ju, H., Han, J., Seo, E., Hammond, J., Lim, H. 2015. 2014 nationwide survey revealed Turnip mosaic virus, Radish mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus as the major viruses in Korean Radish Fields. Research in Plant Disease. 21:235-242.

Interpretive Summary: Virus infection adversely affects yield and quality in many crop types, and many plant viruses are transmitted by insect vectors. In Korea, an increase in insect migration linked to climatic changes has resulted in greater occurrence of viral diseases in recent years. A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence and distribution of viruses affecting the radish crop, and possible occurrence of emerging viruses. Three major viruses were detected, with Turnip mosaic virus being the most commonly found. Interactions between Turnip mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, and Radish mosaic virus were also examined. The need to control virus transmission and to minimize the occurrence of mixed infections to prevent greater crop losses was noted. These results will be of greatest interest to extension agents and epidemiologists.

Technical Abstract: In Korea, recent climate change has caused increased insect populations and migration from neighboring countries. As insect migration increases newly emerging virus diseases have been reported. In 2014, we performed a nationwide survey in radish fields to investigate the distribution of common viruses and possible occurrence of emerging viruses. First we collected suspected virus-infected leaves in the field. A total of 108 radish tissue samples were assayed by RT-PCR using specific primers detecting Radish mosaic virus (RaMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). A total of 47 samples were TuMV positive, and RaMV and CMV were detected in 3 and 2 tissue samples, respectively. No sample showed double infection of TuMV and RaMV, but two double infections of CMV plus TuMV were detected. In order to confirm possible synergisms between TuMV and RaMV, and between RaMV and CMV, we co-inoculated these viruses to Nicotiana benthamiana. Symptoms developed in N. benthamiana demonstrated the existence of synergism in TuMV and RaMV co-infected N. benthamiana, but no synergism was detected between RaMV and CMV. Based on these data we anticipate that co-infection of TuMV and RaMV may cause severe losses, and suggest a need to prevent losses through well planned pest control.