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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Morris, Minnesota » Soil Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #319335
Title: Evolution of Cuphea PSR23 under cultivation

Author
item Jaradat, Abdullah

Submitted to: Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/6/2016
Publication Date: 7/1/2016
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/5235632
Citation: Jaradat, A.A. 2016. Evolution of Cuphea PSR23 under cultivation. Euphytica. 210:41-55.

Interpretive Summary: Domestication under cultivation of a potential oilseed crop (Cuphea PSR23) was evaluated over time and through a series of studies in the growth chamber, the greenhouse and in the field. During several cycles of cultivation, harvesting, and seed selection, the plant architecture and relationships between traits that contribute to seed yield showed some improvement over the wild parents. Oil content (mean of 32.1; maximum of 38.9%) was improved due to selecting larger seed and improved utilization of inputs. However, Cuphea PSR23 is not fully domesticated due to retention of a few wild traits, called the domesticated syndrome, in the semi-domesticated crop.

Technical Abstract: A series of experiments carried out under controlled environments and field conditions (2002-2008) evaluated populations of the potential oilseed crop PSR23, a selection from a cross between two wild Cuphea species (C. viscosissima and C. lanceolata) for indicators of evolution under cultivation and to assess its level of domestication in comparison with its wild parents. Phenotypic traits, singly or in combinations, as well as nutrient ratios measured on plants and seed of all three species were subjected to a set of multivariate statistical analyses. Indicators of phenotypic divergence of PSR23 from its wild parents over several planting-harvesting-seed selection cycles suggested that PSR23 is phenotypically distinct from its wild parents (84.9% correct classification in canonical discrimination), mostly had stronger relationships of plant-based and seed based traits with seed yield, enhanced multivariate relationships between yield components, expressed as principal components and path analysis coefficients, and larger oil content in larger seeds than its wild parents. However, this phenotypic divergence was not complete as indicated by the level of multivariate trait integration, a few shared principal components, and incomplete discrimination between all three species.