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ARS Home » Plains Area » Grand Forks, North Dakota » Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center » Dietary Prevention of Obesity-related Disease Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #318892
Research Project: Food Factors to Prevent Obesity and Related Diseases

Location: Dietary Prevention of Obesity-related Disease Research

Title: Systolic blood pressure control among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A comparative effectiveness analysis of three interventions

Author
item ESPELAND, MARK - Wake Forest School Of Medicine
item PROBSTFIELD, JEFFERY - University Of Washington
item HIRE, DONALD - Wake Forest School Of Medicine
item REDMON, J. BRUCE - University Of Minnesota
item Raatz, Susan

Submitted to: American Journal of Hypertension
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/11/2014
Publication Date: 2/9/2015
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/61258
Citation: Espeland, M.A., Probstfield, J., Hire, D., Redmon, J., Raatz, S.K. 2015. Systolic blood pressure control among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A comparative effectiveness analysis of three interventions. American Journal of Hypertension. 28(8):995-1009.

Interpretive Summary: BACKGROUND: The relative effectiveness of 3 approaches to blood pressure control—(i) an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) focused on weight loss, (ii) frequent goal-based monitoring of blood pressure with pharmacological management, and (iii) education and support—has not been established among overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes who are appropriate for each intervention. METHODS: Participants from the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) and the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) cohorts who met criteria for both clinical trials were identified. The proportions of these individuals with systolic blood pressure (SBP) <140 mm Hg from annual standardized assessments over time were compared with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS : Across 4 years among 480 Look AHEAD and 1,129 ACCORD participants with baseline SBPs between 130 and 159 mm Hg, ILI (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = [1.18–1.81]) and frequent goal-based monitoring with pharmacotherapy (OR = 1.51; 95% CI = [1.16–1.97]) yielded higher rates of blood pressure control compared to education and support. The intensive behavioral-based intervention may have been more effective among individuals with body mass index >30 kg/m2, while frequent goal-based monitoring with medication management may be more effective among individuals with lower body mass index (interaction P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS: Among overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes, both ILI and frequent goal-based monitoring with pharmacological management can be successful strategies for blood pressure control.

Technical Abstract: Intensive lifestyle management or frequent goal-based monitoring with pharmacological management can be successful strategies for blood pressure control in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes.