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Submitted to: Peanut Research at Oklahoma State University
Publication Type: Experiment Station Publication Acceptance Date: 1/31/2014 Publication Date: 3/1/2014 Citation: Bennett, R.S., Chamberlin, K.D. 2014. Disease evaluations and agronomic traits of advanced peanut breeding lines in 2013. In: Partners in Progress – Peanut Research at Oklahoma State University, 2013. Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. P-1042. p. 11-16. Interpretive Summary: The development of new high-oleic peanut cultivars with improved yield, disease resistance, and agronomic performance is essential to the sustainability of the Southwestern peanut industry. In 2013, advanced breeding lines of runner, Spanish, and Virginia peanuts were evaluated for yield, seed grade (or quality) and characteristics, and resistance to major diseases (Sclerotinia blight, southern blight, pod rot) in small plots at Fort Cobb, OK. Among the runner entries evaluated, the breeding line ARSOK-R37 produced the highest-value crop at $545/acre. The highest-yielding entries, producing 3074 to 3468 lbs/acre, were the cultivar Red River Runner and the breeding lines ARSOK-R37, R35, R60A, and R47A. The advanced breeding lines ARSOK-R60B, ARSOK-R47, ARSOK-R60C, and ARSOK-R35 were most resistant to Sclerotinia blight. Among the Spanish entries, no differences in crop value, yield, and seed grade were observed, but the entries differed in resistance to Sclerotinia blight. The commercial cultivar AT98-99 had the most Sclerotinia blight of the Spanish entries at 11.4%; the breeding line ARSOK-S140-1OL and cultivar Tamnut OL06, both at 2.5%, had the least Sclerotinia blight. Among the six Virginia entries, the breeding line ARSOK-V41 generated the most revenue at $609/acre, and ARSOK-V41, GA11J, and ARSOK-V31 produced seed with the highest grades. The Virginia entries did not differ in incidence of Sclerotinia and southern blights, but differed in susceptibility to pod rot. Nearly 6% of the pods of the commercial cultivar AT-07V had pod rot symptoms, compared with 1.1% or less for ARSOK-V31 and cultivar GA11J. These results indicate significant progress in breeding peanut cultivars that surpass the agronomic qualities of currently available cultivars. Technical Abstract: A total of 21 peanut cultivars and high-oleic advanced breeding lines were evaluated in small field plots in 2013 for agronomic traits (crop value, yield, seed grade, and characteristics) and resistance to diseases (Sclerotinia blight, southern blight, and Pythium and Rhizoctonia pod rot). Among the 11 runner entries evaluated, ARSOK-R37 produced the highest-value crop at $545/acre. The highest-yielding entries, producing 3074 to 3468 lbs/acre, were the cultivar Red River Runner and the breeding lines ARSOK-R37, R35, R60A, and R47A. ARSOK breeding lines R60B, R47, R60C, and R35 were most resistant to Sclerotinia blight. No differences in incidence of southern blight or pod rot were observed between runner entries. Among the four Spanish entries, differences in crop value, yield, and seed grade were not observed, but the entries differed in resistance to Sclerotinia blight. The commercial cultivar AT98-99 had the most Sclerotinia blight of the Spanish entries at 11.4%; ARSOK-S140-1OL and Tamnut OL06, both at 2.5%, had the least Sclerotinia blight. Among the six Virginia entries, the breeding line ARSOK-V41 generated the most revenue at $609/acre, and ARSOK-V41, GA11J, and ARSOK-V31 produced seed with the highest grades (73 to 74). The Virginia entries did not differ in incidence of Sclerotinia and southern blights, but differed in susceptibility to pod rot. Nearly 6% of the pods of the commercial cultivar AT-07V had pod rot symptoms, compared with 1.1% or less for ARSOK-V31 and cultivar GA11J. These results indicate significant progress in breeding peanut cultivars that surpass the agronomic qualities of currently available cultivars. |
