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Title: Chemical composition and biological effects of Artemisia maritima and Artemisia nilagirica essential oils from wild plant of Western Himalaya

Author
item STAPPEN, IRIS - University Of Vienna
item WANNER, JUGEN - University Of Mississippi
item TABANCA, NURHAYAT - University Of Mississippi
item Wedge, David
item ALI, ABBAS - University Of Mississippi
item KHAN, IKHLAS - University Of Mississippi
item KAUL, VIYAJ - University Of Mississippi
item LAL, BRIJ - University Of The Punjab
item JAITAK, VIKAS - University Of The Punjab
item GOCHEV, VELIZAR - University Of Mississippi
item GIROVA, TANIA - University Of Mississippi
item STOYANOVA, ALBENA - University Of Mississippi
item SCHMIDT, ERICH - University Of Vienna
item JIROVETZ, LEOPID - University Of Vienna

Submitted to: Planta Medica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/13/2014
Publication Date: 8/15/2014
Citation: Stappen, I., Wanner, J., Tabanca, N., Wedge, D.E., Ali, A., Khan, I.A., Kaul, V.K., Lal, B., Jaitak, V., Gochev, V., Girova, T., Stoyanova, A., Schmidt, E., Jirovetz, L. 2014. Chemical composition and biological effects of Artemisia maritima and Artemisia nilagirica essential oils from wild plant of Western Himalaya. Planta Medica. 80:1079-1087.

Interpretive Summary: The genus Artemisia is part of the Asteraceae-family and consists of more than 800 species, most of them used worldwide for medicinal purposes mainly due to their precious essential oils. A. nilagirica and A. maritima essential oils obtained from western Himalayan region in India and oils were evaluated for their antibacterial, antifungal, mosquito biting deterrent and larvicidal activities. A. nilagirica essential oil demonstrated antifungal activity, whereas A. maritima did not show antifungal activity. Both oils exhibited mosquito repellency, however only A. nilagirica showed larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. A. maritima essential oil showed antimicrobial activity.

Technical Abstract: Artemisia species possess pharmacological properties that are used for medical purposes worldwide. In this paper, the essential oils from the aerial parts of A. nilagirica and A. maritima from the western Indian Himalaya region are described. The main compounds analyzed by simultaneous GC/MS and GC/FID were camphor and 1,8-cineole for A. maritima, camphor and artemisia ketone for A. nilagirica. Additionally, the oils were evaluated for their antibacterial, antifungal, mosquito biting deterrent and larvicidal activities. A. nilagirica essential oil demonstrated non-selective antifungal activity against plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, and C. gloeosporioides, whereas A. maritima did not show antifungal activity. Both Artemisia spp exhibited considerable mosquito repellency, whereas only A. nilagirica showed larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. The antibacterial effects were assessed by agar dilution assay demonstrating greater activity of A. maritima essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to A. nilagirica.