Technical Abstract: Understanding the response of winter wheat growth and yield to climate change is essential for projecting grain production in a future warmer world. A field-scale open-warming experiment was conducted to quantify the response of winter wheat growth and yield under conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT) systems in the North China Plain (NCP). Long-term (since 2003) CT and NT plots in the NCP were warmed between 1.3 to 1.9°C (daytime and nighttime, respectively) by infrared heaters and the phenology and yield of winter wheat recorded along with canopy and soil temperatures and soil moisture. Wheat yields were not significantly reduced over the two seasons (2010 and 2011) by continuous warming but yields under NT were 3.3% and 7.5% lower, respectively whereas yields under CT were stable. The growing seasons for both CT and NT were shortened 6 days in 2010 and 13 days in 2011. The shortened days were due to a significantly shorter re-greening stage followed by minimal changes in other phenological stages (jointing, flagging, heading, anthesis, grain-filling). The temporal advance by warming resulted in lower mean air temperature (MAT) for warmed plots than the control from 0.14 to 4.22 ' for the same subsequent phenological stages. Warming increased the number of tillers per m-2 and tended to decrease the number of spikes per m-2 in the two tillage systems. Among the components of grain yield, warming increased kernel weight but no consistent or significant effects on number of fertile or sterile spikelets per spike or number of kernels per spike. The heavier kernels offset the yield reduction from more tillers. Warming increased the wheat aboveground biomass from 10%-20% for both tillage systems suggesting the potential to sequester more CO2 and produce more biofuels. This study suggest that winter wheat might adjust its growth (shortened vegetative period) to partly compensate for the negative effects from global warming in this temperate irrigated cropland.