Technical Abstract: Nitrogen (N) fertilizers are often applied to first year corn (Zea mays L.) after alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) at rates greater than needed to attain maximum yields. However, little is known about other potential benefits of N fertilizer applications to corn after alfalfa. This two-year field experiment examined the effects of N fertilizer treatments (no N fertilizer, 73 kg N ha-1, or 135 kg N ha-1) on corn stalk dry weight and mineral concentrations (N, P, and K) at the tassel development stage, as well as on grain yield and kernel components (protein, oil, starch, P, and K) in corn after alfalfa at Brookings, SD. Fertilizer N increased stalk N concentration but did not increase stalk dry weight. Grain yields were not affected by N fertilizer treatments. Thus, luxury consumption of N by stalks at the tassel stage did not result in grain yield benefits. Yields of protein, oil, starch, P, and K kernel components, expressed on a kg ha-1 basis, were also unaffected by increasing N fertilizer rates. In conclusion, there appears to be no advantage, in terms of yield or kernel components, in applying N fertilizer to corn after alfalfa under the environment experienced and the yield potential realized during this field experiment.