Technical Abstract: In 1992 papaya ringpsot virus (PRSV) was discovered in Puna district of Hawaii Island where 95% of the state of Hawaii’s papaya was being grown. By 1998 production in Puna had decreased 50% from 1998 levels. A PRSV-resistant transgenic papaya ‘Rainbow’ expressing the coat protein gene of PRSV was released commercially in Hawaii in 1998, and saved the papaya industry from further devastation. In the ensuing years since the release of the transgenic papaya, a number of farmers grew hemaphrodite nontrasngenic ‘Kapoho’ papaya in close proximity to plantings of hermaphrodite ‘Rainbow’ transgenic papaya. These plantings provided a unique opportunity to assay for transgenic-pollen drift under commercial conditions. Between 2004 and 2010, assay for the GUS (beta-glucoronidase) transgene in embryos were done to check transgenic-pollen drift in commercial ‘Kapoho’ plantings and in replicated field plots. Very low pollen drift (0.8%) was detected in fruit of Kapoho trees in the border row of one plantation when 90 embryos were assayed per fruit, while no pollen drift was detected in four other commercial plantings in which eight embryos were tested per fruit. Pollen drift averaged 1.3% of tested embryos in field plots where individual ‘Kapoho’ trees were immediately surrounded by two or four Rainbow trees. In contrast, 60.3% of tested embryos were GUS positive in similarly located female Kapoho trees. The very low transgene flow to close-by Kapoho plantings is likely due to the fact that hermaphrodite trees are used commercially in Hawaii and that these trees are largely self-pollinated before the stigma is exposed to external pollen.