Technical Abstract: This study investigated the effects of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on body composition and 2 bone properties in obese female rats. Thirty-six 3-month-old SD female rats were fed either a 3 low-fat (LF) diet (n = 12) or a high-fat (HF) diet (n= 24) for 4 months. Animals in the LF diet 4 group continued on an LF diet for additional 4 months, while those in the HF diet group were 5 divided into 2 groups, with 0.5% (wt/vol) or without GTP in drinking water, in addition to an HF 6 diet for another 4 months. Body composition [body weight (BW), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass 7 (FFM), total body water (TBW), intracellular fluid (ICF), and extracellular fluid (ECF)] was 8 measured by bioimpedance spectroscopy. Bone parameters [femoral bone area, mineral content 9 (BMC) and density (BMD)] were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Bone strength, 10 serum proinflammatory cytokines levels, and liver glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and 11 protein expression were also determined. After 8 months, compared to the LF diet, the HF diet 12 increased BW, %FM, and ECF/ICF ratio, reduced %FFM, %TBW, GPX activity and protein 13 expression, and bone strength, but had no effect on BMC and BMD in the rats. GTP 14 supplementation for 4 months increased %FFM, BMC, BMD, bone strength, and GPX activity 15 and protein expression, and decreased %FM, the ECF/ICF ratio and cytokines in HF-diet-16 induced obese rats. This study demonstrates that GTP supplementation in drinking water for 4 17 months modifies body composition and enhances bone properties in obese rats through 18 suppressing inflammation and enhancing antioxidant capacity.