ARS | Publication request: LC-PDA-EIS/MSn identification of new anthocyanins in purple radish (Raphanus sativus L. variety)

Submitted to: Journal of Agricultural Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: April 23, 2011
Publication Date: April 23, 2011
Citation: Lin, L., Jianghao, S., Chen, P., Harnly, J.M. 2011. LC-PDA-EIS/MSn identification of new anthocyanins in purple radish (Raphanus sativus L. variety). Journal of Agricultural food Chemistry . 59:6616-6627.

Interpretive Summary: Like other dietary polyphenols, anthocyanins (the pigments responsible for color in fruits and vegetables) have strong antioxidant properties and have been linked to resistance to cancer, diabetes, infections, inflammation, neurological disease, and other diseases related to the aging process. Thus, systematic identification of the anthocyanins in colored foods is important. In this study we identified 57 anthocyanins (45 for the first time) in the purple Bordeaux radish, a new radish cultivar imported to the U.S. from Korea. This data will allow more accurate determination of anthocyanin dietary intakes and evaluation of the benefit of consuming anthocyanins to human health.

Technical Abstract: An LC-PDA-ESI/MSn profiling method was used for a comprehensive study of the anthocyanins of purple Bordeaux radish. This study identified 57 anthocyanins: 23 acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-diglucosides, 12 acylated cyanidin 3-(glucosylacyl) acylsophoroside-5-diglucosides, and 22 acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucosides. The identifications were supported by the presence of 3-sophoroside-5-diglucoside and 3-sophroside-5-glucoside of cyanidin (the two parent anthocyanins) in the alkaline-hydrolyzed extract. A reliable method for the identification of anthocyanins containing 3-(glucosylacyl)acylsophorosyl functions is described. The tentative identifications were obtained from unit-resolution, tandem mass data analysis and confirmed by high resolution mass measurements. Further assignments were made for some anthocyanins from a comparison of the sample mass spectra, UV/Vis spectra, and elution order with those of the anthocyanins in our polyphenol database, from consideration of the structural characteristics of the anthocyanins from similar plants, and from reports of similar compunds in the literature. The presence of 35 acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-diglucosides, and 10 acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-malonylglucosides in plants is reported here for the first time.