ARS | Publication request: Enzyme Characterization of Cellulase and Hemicellulases Component Enzymes and Saccharification of Ionic Liquid Pretreated Lignocellulosic Biomass

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: April 22, 2010
Publication Date: April 22, 2010
Citation: Barr, C.J., Schall, C.A., Mertens, J.A. 2010. Enzyme Characterization of Cellulase and Hemicellulases Component Enzymes and Saccharification of Ionic Liquid Pretreated Lignocellulosic Biomass [abstract]. Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. p. 85.

Technical Abstract: Lignocellulosic biomass is comprised of cellulose and hemicellulose, sources of polysaccharides, and lignin, a macromolecule with extensive aromaticity. Terrestrial biomass can provide a renewable carbon based feedstock for fuel and chemical production. However, recalcitrance of biomass to deconstruction poses the primary barrier to its commercial use as a feedstock. Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis can be used to saccharify the biomass into its monomeric sugars at a rate much higher than traditional pretreatment and hydrolysis methods. Due to the amorphous structure of IL pretreated biomass, there are possibilities for creating simplified enzyme mixtures that can produce high glucan and xylan conversion to monomeric sugars at reduced enzyme loadings. In preparation for the hydrolysis, clones of Aspergillus nidulans cellulases and hemicellulases from the Fungal Stock Center at the University of Missouri are being expressed, isolated, purified, and characterized for activity, thermal stability, and substrate specificity. Other enzyme sources include isolation and purification of component enzymes from commercial cellulase and hemicellulase mixtures. Enzymes which are critical for saccharification of biomass substrate are identified. Saccharification of IL-pretreated lignocellulosic biomass using defined enzyme mixtures are examined for efficacy in saccharification.