Technical Abstract: Background: A review of the literature produced no rigorously tested and validated Spanish-language physical activity survey or evaluation tools for use by USDA’s food assistance and education programs. The purpose of the current study was to develop and evaluate the face validity of a visually enhanced Spanish-language physical activity questionnaire adapted from the English version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Methods: The English version of the IPAQ was translated by one professional and subsequently reviewed by a panel of experts fluent in both languages and familiar with both cultures. Photos were added to reflect the population’s physical activity habits. Cognitive interviews were completed with low-income Spanish-speaking women in three California counties (n=20). Three different strategies- think-aloud, paraphrasing, and probing- were used to uncover respondents’ cognitive processes in answering questions. Results: Questionnaire text was modified in response to client suggestions. Spanish translation experts (n=7) made minor modifications to the resulting wording, but essentially agreed with the client recommendations. The questionnaire had a readability score of 98 using the Fernández-Huerta Reading Ease for the Spanish language. Conclusions: The Spanish-language questionnaire was found to have adequate face validity in the target population and is ready for further validation using criterion measures.