Technical Abstract: Endemic to sub-Saharan Africa, small hive beetles (Aethina tumida) are now an invasive pest of honey bee colonies in Australia and North America. Knowledge on the introduction(s) from Africa into and between the current ranges will shed light on pest populations, invasion pathways and contribute to knowledge of how a parasite expands in new populations. Here we examined genetic variation in adult beetle samples from the United States, Australia, Canada, and sub-Saharan Africa by sequencing a 912-base pair region of the mitochondrial DNA CO1 gene and screening ten informative microsatellite loci. One Canadian introduction of small hive beetles can be traced to Australia while the second one appears to have come from the United States. Beetles now resident in Australia were of a different African origin than were beetles in North America. North American beetles did not show covariance between two mitochondrial haplotypes and their microsatellite frequencies, suggesting that these beetles have a shared source despite having initial genetic structure within their introduced range. Excellent dispersal of beetles, probably aided by migratory beekeeping, appears to lead to panmixis in both native and introduced populations.