Technical Abstract: Podophyllotoxin is currently in high demand as the lead chemical precursor for the anti-cancer drugs etoposide and teniposide. The primary species in commercial bulk isolation of podophyllotoxin is an endangered medicinal plant gathered in the wild in the Himalayan region. Because of the threats to the Himalayan mayapple, this study examined numerous species from the Cupressaceae family as alternative and potentially domestic sources of podophyllotoxin. Of the species examined, the highest concentration of podophyllotoxin was in the needles (leaves) of Juniperus virginiana 'Canaertii' 0.34% on a plant dry weight basis (DW). The next highest concentration of podophyllotoxin was contained in J. virginiana 'Grey Owl' with 0.18% DW. Only one other species, J. chinensis 'Sea Green', contained a relatively high concentration of podophyllotoxin with levels as high as 0.15% DW. All of the above plants would appear to be excellent sources for commercial production of podophyllotoxin production. Moreover, J. virginiana needles are widely available as a by-product of the timber industry in the US. Essential oils and extracts from the species were tested for in vitro antimicrobial, antimalarial, and antileishmanial activity with these activities also being reported for the first time. In addition, all essential oils and extracts were evaluated for activity against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus with no activity found at a top application rate of 2% (wt/wt).