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Title: Recent advances and future prospects in peptaibiotics, hydrophobin and mycotoxin research and their importance for chemotaxonomy of Trichoderma and Hypocrea

Author
item DEGENKOLB, THOMAS - GERMANY
item VON DOHREN, HANS - GERMANY
item NIELSEN, KRISTIAN FOG - DENMARK
item Samuels, Gary
item BRUCKNER, HANS - GERMANY

Submitted to: Chemistry and Biodiversity
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/27/2008
Publication Date: 5/5/2008
Citation: Degenkolb, T., Von Dohren, H., Nielsen, K., Samuels, G.J., Bruckner, H. 2008. Recent advances and future prospects in peptaibiotics, hydrophobin and mycotoxin research and their importance for chemotaxonomy of Trichoderma and Hypocrea. Chemistry and Biodiversity. 5:671-680.

Interpretive Summary: Review article-summary not required

Technical Abstract: Recent advances and future prospects in peptaibiotics and mycotoxin research and their importance for chemotaxonomy of Trichoderma and Hypocrea are reviewed, comprising publications from 2006 until present. The introduction of novel methodical approaches during the past two years such as peptaibiomics and IC-MALDI-TOF MS have enhanced remarkably screening efficiency for peptaibiotics and has extended their application to chemotaxonomic questions. More than half of the currently known sequences of peptaibiotics were determined between 2002 and 2007, mostly by HPLC-MS approaches. Likewise, HPLC-MS has revolutionised mycotoxin analysis in the past decade, not only lowering detection limits but also with the introduction of high-resolution MS screening, fast identification/dereplication of mycotoxins without reference standards are now possible. Novel test assays have been used to detect new or previously unrecognized bioactivities of peptaibiotics such as neuroleptic, anti-HIV integrase I, and anti-Alzheimer effects. Combined use of molecular biology, direct-infusion MS, HPLC-MS, and MALDI TOF MS has also been proven to be beneficial for characterization of new fungal species. Trichothecene-producing strains of Trichoderma and Hypocrea must not be introduced into biological control of fungal pathogens in the field or greenhouse. Thanks to a growing phylogenetic understanding of Trichoderma/Hypocrea, we are able to predict biological properties of species, and avoid those that are related to known toxigenic species. Mycotoxin-free Trichoderma species, such T. stromaticum that can be regarded as safe are already in use for crop protection.